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[推荐]完型填空考前训练二(附答案及详解)

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There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones more founded, and ten other new ones were created ___1___ converting old colleges of technology into universities. In the same period the ___2___ of students more than doubled, from 70, 000 to ___3___ than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen ___4___ twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women.

All the universities are private institutions. Each has its ___5___ governing councils, ___6___ some local businessmen and local politicians as ___7___ as a few academics(大学教师). The state began to give grants to them fifty years ___8___, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its ___9___ from state grants. Students have to ___10___ fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place ___11___ he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and ___12___ unless his parents are ___13___. Most ___14___ take jobs in the summer ___15___ about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside ___16___ during the academic year. The Department of Education takes ___17___ for the payments which cover the whole expenditure of the ___18___, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have important influence ___19___ new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly ___20___ of academics.
1. A) with B) by C) at D)into
2. A) amount B) quantity C) lot D) number
3. A) more B) much C) less D) fewer
4. A) with B) to C) from D)beyond

5. A) self B) kind C) own D)personal
6. A) making B) consisting C) including D) taking
7. A) good B) long C) little D) well
8. A) ago B) before C) after D) ever
9. A) suggestions B) grades C) profits D) funds
10. A) make B) pay C) change D) delay
11. A) what B) which C) where D) how
12. A) living B) drinking C) food D) shelter
13. A) poor B) generous C) kindhearted D) rich
14. A) professors B) students C) politicians D) businessmen
15. A) at B) since C) with D) for
16. A) travel B) work C) experiment D) study
17. A) responsibility B) advice C) duty D) pleasure
18. A) government B) school C) universities D) committees
19. A) at B) to C) on D) form
20. A) consisted B) composed  C) made D) taken

答案部分
1.
答案B
【难句译文】 二十世纪六十年代,八所全新大学成立,十所技校转为大学。

【详细解答】 by+doing以某种方式,例如:I killed the spider by hitting it.with表某种方式时,后面接工具等名词。如:I killed the spider with a newspaper.
2.
答案D

【难句译文】 在同时期,学生人数成倍增加,从7万上升到20万还多一点。

【详细解答】 number修饰可数名词,amount修饰不可数名词;没有the lot of这种构,quantity不接具体数量词,只表示物质多少,如:A large/small quantity of beer was sold.
3.
答案A

【详细解答】 前句谈到的是学生的增长,此处用more than更连贯。much为形容词原形,后面不接than; fewer than, less than少于
4.
答案B

【难句译文】 1973年前,大约百分之十的1821岁之间的男性和百分之五的女性在大学学习。
【详细解答】 from…to为一固定结构,意为……
5.
答案C
【难句译文】 每个大学都有自己的统管理事会,成员由当地的商人、官员以及少数大学教师组成。
【详细解答】 代词与self分开用时,中间一般有形容词,如:He put his whole self into the job. 反身代词一般作宾语或同位语,不作定语。因此,此处排除选项selfpersonal(个人的)能作定语,但不符合题意;own(自己的)常作定语。
6.
答案C

【详细解答】 consist oftake in, include近义:consist of宾语是主语的全部内容,而includetake in的宾语有可能只是主语的一部分。例如:The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes Northern Ireland.
7.
答案D

【详细解答】 as用法广泛,as well as“……”……之外,相当于介词,as long as是连词只要
8.
答案A

【难句译文】 五十年前,开始给大学拨款。1970年以前,所有大学都由政府拨款提供资金。
【详细解答】 在具体的时间名词后,可用ago beforeafter作副词,此处用after翻译不通。beforeago的区别在于:ago的时间参照点是现在,“before now”;而before的参照点不是现在,“before then”,而且before在具体的时间名词后作副词时,一般用于完成时。例如:last summer, I left the firm that I had joined eighteen years before.
9.
答案D

【详细解答】 参照此句前部分,此处derive“得到后应为政府拨款,即选项D. funds(资金)
10.
答案B

【难句译文】 现在,学生们必须自付学费和生活费。但是,如果父母不富裕,学生们可从他所居住的当地政府那儿得到个人拨款,那笔款项够用来支付他的食宿费用。
【详细解答】 pay the fees支付费用;make, change, delay,一般不与fees搭配。
11.
答案C

【详细解答】 the place是先行词,从句he lives缺状语,故用where引导定语从句修饰the place
12.
答案C

【详细解答】 lodging and food食宿,此处不用living。因为living包括lodging在内。

13.答案D
【详细解答】 一般来说,只有家庭贫穷,学生才可申请补助。
14.
答案B

【难句译文】 大部分学生暑假在外打工六星期左右,但在学习期间,他们一般不出去工作。
【详细解答】 上句谈到学生学费问题,此处承接上句,继续谈学生赚钱之事。也可结合后面的take jobs in the summer综合考虑。
15.
答案D

【详细解答】 for后面接一段时间;at, since后只能接时间点。例如:I used to study German for two years.过去我曾学过两年德语。
16.
答案B

【详细解答】 在假期工作,承接本句上半部分。用work取代job,力求语言的多样性。
17.
答案A

【难句译文】 教育部负责学校的全部费用,但并不进行直接控制。

【详细解答】 take responsibility for……负责,用duty则是It’s the duty of the Department of Education to pay the money…take the advice of采纳……的建议。
18.
答案C
【详细解答】 本文讨论的是关于大学的问题,此处讨论教育部在资金方面对大学的责任。

19.答案C

【难句译文】 教育部通过拨款,对教育的新发展进行导向,但是,也听取主要由大学教师组成的大学拨款委员会的建议。

【详细解答】 have influence on… ……影响;例如:Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.听音乐可以使她的心情平静。
20.
答案B

【详细解答】……组成可由comprise, consist of, be composed of, be made up of表示,例如:The United Kingdom comprises/ consists of/ is composed of/ is made up of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. “组成则用constitute, comprise。例如:England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland constitute/comprise/make up the United Kingdom.

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