专业四级 专业四级模拟3
PART II CLOZE (开始PART II CLOZE计时)
Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your answer sheet.
Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a particular purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played indoors in the winter.
In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying (26)____ up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy (27)___ the football and baseball seasons . None of the standard indoor activities (28)____ their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school. He first tried to (29)____ some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised form tackling each other and (30)____ hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact. Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it (31)____ no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided (32)____ an elevated goal, so that scoring world depend on skill and accuracy rather than on (33)___ only. His goals were two peach baskets, (34)___ to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic (35)____ of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith worth rules for the game, (36)____ of which, though with some small changes, are still (37)___ effect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students (38)____ it to their friends and the new sport quickly (39)___ on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games (40)___ the world.
26. A) to have come B) coming C) come D) to come
27. A) between B) during C) when D) for
28. A) roused B) held C) had D) were
29. A) imitate B) adopt C) adapt D) renovate
30. A) being B) to be C) been D) were
31. A) requested B) used C) required D) took
32. A) on B) to C) of D) with
33. A) power B) strength C) force D) might
34. A) fixed B) fixing C) that fix D) which fixed
35. A) method B) rule C) way D) idea
36. A) few B) much C) many D) little
37. A) with B) in C) on D) for
38. A) defined B) spread C) taught D) discussed
39. A) went B) took C) put D) caught
40. A) of B) throughout C) among D) through
(结束PART II CLOZE计时)
PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (开始PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY计时)
there are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
41. For many patients, institutional care is the most ______ and beneficial form of care.
A) pertinent
B) appropriate
C) acute
D) persistent
42. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.
A) massive
B) quantitative
C) surplus
D) formidable
43. Mr. Smith became very ______ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.
A) ingenious
B) empirical
C) objective
D) indignant
44. Rumours are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into ______ ones.
A) turbulent
B) tragic
C) vulnerable
D) suspicious
45. The ______ cycle of life and death is a subject of interest to scientist s and philosophers alike.
A) incompatible
B) exceeding
C) instantaneous
D) eternal
46. She remains confident and ______ untroubled by our present problems.
A) indefinitely
B) infinitely
C) optimistically
D) seemingly
47. Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ______.
A) simultaneously
B) spontaneously
C) homogeneously
D) contemporarily
48. The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the ______.
A) vain
B) vicinity
C) court
D) jail
49. Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major ______ in every family's budget.
A) nutrition
B) expenditure
C) routine
D) provision
50. Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly room ______ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.
A) configuration
B) constitution
C) condemnation
D) contamination
51. As you have seen, the values of a nation's currency is a _____ of its economy.
A) reaction
B) reflection
C) response
D) revelation
52. In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the ______ of fine china attracted much attention of customers from all over the world.
A) succession
B) array
C) string
D) procession
53. We should make a clear _______ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.
A) separation
B) discrimination
C) deviation
D) distinction
54. The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens, set to ______ when it arrived in New York.
A) go off
B) get off
C) come off
D) carry off
55. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ______ you give us all the necessary information.
A) in case
B) provided that
C) or else
D) as if
56. The younger person's attraction to stereos cannot be explained only _____ familiarity with technology.
A) in quest of
B) by means of
C) in terms of
D) by virtue of
57. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were ______.
A) in no way
B) on the contrary
C) at a loss
D) of no avail
58. By signing the lease we made a _______ to pay a rent of '150 a week.
A) conception
B) commission
C) commitment
D) confinement
59. To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly ______ by a computer.
A) graded
B) managed
C) conducted
D) monitored
60. Many people think of deserts as _____ regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there.
A) virgin
B) barren
C) void
D) wretched
61. Picking flowers in the park is absolutely ____.
A) avoided
B) prohibited
C) rejected
D) repelled
62. Tony has not the least ____ of giving up his research work.
A) intention
B) interest
C) wish
D) desire
63. Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have ____ ones.
A) similar
B) singular
C) different
D) separate
64. Am I to understand that his new post ____ no responsibility with it at all?
A) keeps
B) supports
C) carries
D) possesses
65. Animals that could not _____ themselves to the changed environments perished and those that could survived.
A) change
B) adapt
C) modify
D) conform
(结束PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY计时)
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (开始PART IV READING COMPREHENSION计时)
In this part there are four passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer. Mark your choice on your answer sheet.
TEXT A The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution legislation, economic in-centimes and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays-not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it. It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now. We are being asked, and, in fact ,the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge. We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-versioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion. I believe we have a three - part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.
66. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental
protection chiefly because _____.
A) they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing
B) they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests
C) time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it
D) it is difficult for them to take effective measures
67. The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is _____.
A) to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion
B) to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection
C) to take radical measures to control environmental pollution
D) to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards
68. The word tunnel-versioned (Line 2, Para.4) most probably means ____.
A) narrow-minded
B) blind to the facts
C) short-sighted
D) able to see only one aspect
69. Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the
solution of environmental problems?
A) Legislation and government intervention.
B) The industry's understanding and support.
C) The efforts of environmental health professionals.
D) The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.
TEXT B British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks. The government responded to the universities threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter? Sir Ron Dearing. One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago. Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money -- but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business. Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs ,something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearings advice, hoping it will not be too late -- some are already reported to be in financial difficulty. As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning and refer to students as consumers." The Confederation of British Industry, the key employers organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper egress, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to pass production methods more typical of European universities.
70. The chief concern of British universities is ______.
A) how to tackle their present financial difficulty
B) how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprises
C) how to improve their educational technology
D) how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration
71. We can learn from the passage that in Britain ______.
A) the government pays dearly for its financial policy
B) universities are mainly funded by businesses
C) higher education is provided free of charge
D) students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition
72. What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?
A) 20% or so.
B) About 15%.
C) Above 30%.
D) Below 10%.
TEXT C Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called footwear for yuppies. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and childrens shoes for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the up market retailing network that helped push sales to 1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from 27 to 85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting g goods, and department stores, in accordance with the companys view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution. In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already bad. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States. Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-r elated craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.
73. One reason why Reebok's managerial personnel don't like their shoes to be called "footwear
for yuppies" is that _______.
A) they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groups
B) new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoes
C) "yuppies" usually evokes a negative image
D) the term makes people think of prohibitive prices
74. Reebok's view that "consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution" (Line 5, Para. 2) implies that ______.
A) the quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling it
B) the quality of a product determines the quality of its distributors
C) the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell it
D) consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores.
75. Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because ______.
A) its supply of products fell short of demand
B) too many distributors would cut into its profits
C) the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the market
D) it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products
76. Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its orders, it ______.
A) does not want to further expand its retailing network
B) still limits the number of shoes