专业四级 专业四级模拟15
PART II CLOZE (开始PART II CLOZE计时)
Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.
American cities are (26)_____ other cities around the world. In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. Cities contain the very (27)_____ aspect of a society: opportunities for education, employment, and entertainment. They also contain the very worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial conflict (种族冲突), and poverty. American cities are changing, just (28)_____ American society. After World War II, the population of (29)_____ large American cities decreased; (30)_____, the population in many sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities (31)_____ population increased. There population shifts to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. During this time, in the (32)_____ 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier, more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more space. They moved out their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the (33)_____, areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories. During the 1950s the American "dream" was to have a house on the outskirts. Now things are changing. The children of the people who (34)_____ the cities in the 1950s are now adults. They, (35)_____ their parents, want to live in the cities. (36)_____ continue to move to cities in the Sun Belt. Cities are (37)_____ and the population is increasing in (38)_____ states as Texas, Florida, and California. Others are moving to more established cities of the Northeast and Midwest, such as Boston, Baltimore and Chicago. Many young professionals, doctors, lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city. They prefer the city (39)_____ the suburbs because their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage; or they just enjoy the excitement and opportunities which the city offers. A new class is moving into the cities -- a wealthier, (40)_____ mobile class.
26. A) different from B) similar to C) better than D) worse than
27. A) well B) good C) better D) best
28. A) likely B) as C) while D) when
29. A) all B) most C) few D) much
30. A) but B) and C) however D) although
31. A) its B) which C) where D) that
32. A) late B) later C) lately D) latter
33. A) outskirts B) downtown C) districts D) suburbs
34. A) departed B) left C) reached D) entered
35. A) as B) like C) dislike D) unlike
36. A) Some B) All C) Several D) Lots of
37. A) stretching B) widening C) expanding D) prolonging
38. A) such B) these C) those D) many
39. A) than B) better than C) rather than D) to
40. A) very B) and C) more D) or
(结束PART II CLOZE计时)
PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (开始PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY计时)
There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence.
41. The Committee had met many times, but had not come up with _____ to the problem.
A) a way
B) an idea
C) a solution
D) a method
42. The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they _____ the names given by the witness.
A) puzzled
B) confused
C) bewildered
D) perplexed
43. I am _____ obliged to you for the many kindnesses you have known my son.
A) excitedly
B) exceedingly
C) evidently
D) excessively
44. The highlight of his acting career was the opportunity of playing the _____ of Hamlet.
A) character
B) personality
C) play
D) part
45. He narrowly _____ being seriously hurt, if not killed, by the explosion.
A) missed
B) failed
C) lost
D) dropped
46. In the _____ of my not being there to meet you, our representative will take you to your hotel.
A) possibility
B) occurrence
C) occasion
D) event
47. Paul was so _____ that he took no credit to himself for his good work.
A) moderate
B) modest
C) medium
D) moral
48. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _____ of what I said.
A) notice
B) attention
C) consideration
D) warning
49. It is no easy thing to _____ the meaning of every idiom in English.
A) get by
B) get in
C) get on
D) get at
50. The book only _____ the causes of the war and does not do justice to the influence of the slave trade.
A) counts on
B) touches on
C) takes on
D) pulls on
51. We must take a firm _____ against the lowering of educational standards.
A) stand
B) place
C) position
D) reason
52. It never _____ my mind that he might refuse the request.
A) passed
B) filled
C) crossed
D) occurred
53. At the sight of the police officer, the thief _____.
A) got to his feet
B) took to his heels
C) rose to his feet
D) dragged his heels
54. The guide told us that an incident _____ here in 1925.
A) took place
B) was taking place
C) had been taking place
D) had taken place
55. _____, one must understand mathematics.
A) A good scientist
B) In order to be a good scientist
C) It's a good scientist
D) Being a good scientist
56. Susan had worked for three years to be a computer analyst but found her progress _____.
A) discouraging
B) to be discouraged
C) discouraged
D) to be discouraged
57. _____, all the quarrels came to an end.
A) The lost money was found
B) Was the lost money found
C) Because the lost money found
D) With the lost money found
58. He speaks mandarin with strong Sichuan accent, so he _____ brought up in Sichuan or some places close to Sichuan.
A) must have been
B) must be
C) may have been
D) can't have been
59. _____ today, he would get there on Sunday.
A) Was he leaving
B) Were he to leave
C) If he leaves
D) If he is leaving
60. His remark was _____ you might have expected.
A) that
B) which
C) whichever
D) what
61. My car is in _____ bad condition _____ I can't drive it.
A) such, that
B) too, to
C) so, that
D) such a, that
62. Few people said full attention to their health conditions _____ they were seriously ill.
A) when
B) if
C) until
D) before
63. -- What do you think of their _____ play? -- I like it much better than their _____ one.
A) last, latest
B) later, last
C) later, latest
D) latest, last
64. _____ the 1500's _____ the first European explores the coast of California.
A) It was not until, then
B) It is until, that
C) It is not until, when
D) It is not until, that
65. He opened his lips as if _____ some reply.
A) making
B) having made
C) to be made
D) to make
(结束PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY计时)
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (开始PART IV READING COMPREHENSION计时)
In this section there are five passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answer marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.
TEXT A Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher -- and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as "the library lady" or just "the helper". Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school, children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.
66. The author points out at the beginning that _____.
A) every child in hospital receives some teaching
B) not enough is known about hospital teaching
C) hospital teaching is of poor quality
D) the special children's hospitals are worst off
67. It can be inferred from the latest survey that _____.
A) hospital teaching across the country is similar
B) each hospital has at least one part-time teacher
C) all hospitals surveyed offer education to children
D) only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers
68. Children in hospital usually turn to _____ in order to catch up with their school work.
A) hospital teachers
B) schoolmates
C) parents
D) school teachers
69. We can conclude from the passage that the author is _____.
A) unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitals
B) in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitals
C) unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teaching
D) satisfied with the results of the latest survey
TEXT B Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become "computer-literate", in other words, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that this is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, who disagree is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring computers to the people and make them "people-literate". David first got the idea when he visited one of Americas best-known computer "guru" figures, Bob Albrecht, in the small university town of Palo alto in Northern California. Albrecht had started a project called Computertown USA in the local library, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computers there, instead of borrowing library books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way. Over here, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied to a computer club. He insists there is a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; they are not told what to do, they find out. David Tebbutt finds it interesting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answers to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the experts listen to a lot of questions and then try to work out some structure to answer them. People are not having to learn computer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming "people-literate".
70. According to David Tebbutt, the purpose of Computertown UK is to _____.
A) train people to understand how computers work
B) make more computers available to people
C) enable more people to fix computers themselves
D) help people find out more about computers
71. We learn from the passage that Computertown USA was a _____.
A) town
B) project
C) library
D) school
72. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A) Computertowns in the auk have become popular.
B) Computertowns and clubs cater for different people.
C) Computertowns are more successful than clubs.
D) It's better that computertowns and clubs work together.
73. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of computertowns?
A) Experts give lectures and talks on computers.
B) Experts are on hand to answer people's questions.
C) People are left to discover computers on their own.
D) There are computers around for people to practise on.
TEXT C There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave the body to regulate these matters for itself. "The answer is easy," says Dr. A. Burton. "With the right amount of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings." If he is right many people must be under sleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a greater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this may have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue. Other people feel sure that the present trend is towards too little sleep. According to one medical opinion, "thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep; the reason is not that they cant sleep. Like advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press too quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue. Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that most people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr. H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in Health, asserts: "It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so the majority sleep too much." One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well with less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does them no harm. If one of the trends of evolution is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the can of this advance.
74. The author seems to indicate that _____.
A) there are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep
B) among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial
C) people are now moving towards solving many controversial issues
D) the right amount of sleep is a topic of much controversy among doctors
75. The author disagrees with Dr. Burton because _____.
A) few people can wake up feeling fresh and alert
B) some people still feel tired with enough sleep
C) some people still feel sleepy with enough sleep
D) some people go to bed very late at night
76. In the last paragraph the author points out that _____.
A) sleeping less is good for human development
B) people ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before
C) it is incorrect to say that people sleep too little
D) those who can sleep less should be encouraged
77. We learn from the passage that the author _____.
A) comments on three different opinions
B) favors one of the three opinions
C) explains an opinion of his own
D) revises someone else's opinion
TEXT D Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semi-permanent change of residence". This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants. Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which influence and individuals decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination). Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow. Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival. The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors" of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly order man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.
78. The author thinks that pull factors _____.
A) are all related to economic considerations
B) are not as decisive as push factors
C) include a range of considerations
D) are more important than push factors
79. People's decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following EXCEPT _____.
A) personalities
B) education
C) marital status
D) abilities
80. The purpose of the passage is to discuss _____.
A) the problems of international migrants
B) the motives of international migrants
C) migration inside the country
D) migration between countries
(结束PART IV READING COMPREHENSION计时)
SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING (开始SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING计时)
In this section there are seven passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then select your answers to the questions.
TEXT E First read the following question. 81. This is a letter of _____. A. inquiry B. complaint C. explanation D. introduction Now read Text E quickly and select your answer. Dear Sir, I am writing to you concerning the Bernster Special 150 SL that I bought from you two weeks ago. The car has now developed the following faults: 1. The steering wheel is loose. 2. The hand brake does not work. 3. Oil is leaking from the engine. 4. The drivers door does not close properly. Will you please telephone me and we can arrange for you to collect the car. Unless you can put the car in perfect working order, I am afraid I shall report your company to the Consumers Association. Yours faithfully, Tony Lockwood
81. This is a letter of _____.
A) inquiry
B) complaint
C) explanation
D) introduction
TEXT F First read the following question. 82. The passage is mainly about _____. A. Christmas sales B. retailing business C. Internet population D. online shopping Now read Text F quickly and select your answer. Online shopping has become a major force in retailing this year with more than US 1 billion in Christmas season sales, industry analysts say. The figure for the holiday tops the total for Internet shopping in all of 1996. Online shopping for the holiday season remained just a drop in the ocean of the estimated US 450 billion spent by US consumers. But the figure is growing rapidly. International Data Corporation, a market research group, predicts the World Wide Web population will reach almost 100 million by 1998 and that online commerce will grow to more than US 20 billion.
82. The passage is mainly about _____.
A) Christmas sales
B) retailing business
C) Internet population
D) online shopping
TEXT G First read the following question. 83. The passage discusses the aim of _____. A. the organization B. blood centers in the USA C. FDA new rules D. AIDS prevention Now read Text G quickly and select your answer. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking steps to protect the countrys blood supply. People give blood to the centers, where it is kept until it is needed for medical purposes. The FDA has provided new rules for the blood centers. The government agency says new rules are designed to improve the blood supply system. The new rules call for blood centers to develop more ways to make sure their work is done correctly. These rules are another way to help keep the blood supply pure. A leading concern is that someone with AIDS virus might give blood to a blood center. For this reason, there are tests to find out if blood contains viruses that cause AIDS and other diseases.
83. The passage discusses the aim of _____.
A) the organization
B) blood centers in the USA
C) FDA new rules
D) AIDS prevention
TEXT H First read the following question. 84. The passage advertises overseas _____. A. jobs B. studies C. travels D. aid Now read Text H quickly and select your answer. NEW HORIZONS Are you looking for something interesting to do? Then why not work abroad for a year or two? We have jobs in most parts of the world -- including Europe, Africa and Southeast Asia. We have jobs for teachers, doctors, nurses, engineers, car mechanics and many others. Why not see the world? We cannot offer you very much money, but the work is interesting. You can learn another language and work with people, too. For more information write to us at: NEW HORIZONS JOB CENTER, 110 Spring Gardens, London SW1 7BC Please send your personal information (date of birth, educational qualifications, interests, experiences, etc.)