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se in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, and income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September 11th led to an increase in substance use.
26. The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use was .
A alcoholB marijuanaC cigarettesD cocaine
27. The survey participants were .
A randomly selected United States citizens
B randomly selected New York City citizens
C randomly selected Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center
D randomly selected American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack
28. The author is trying to show that .
A use of substances may vary from time to time
B abuse of certain substances is harmful for health
C the attack of september 11th has left incurable harm to peoples mental health
D terrorist attack increase anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents
29. What can be said about substance abuse after September 11?
A People who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have PTSD.
B People who were living closer to World Trade Center were most likely to increase cigarette smoking.
C Displacement from home and involvement in rescue efforts were consistently associated with increased substance use.
D Symptoms of panic attach were unrelated with increased use of substances.
30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A Demographic information such as gender, race and marital status was not collected.
B Gender and race do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse.
C Age and marital status do not make any difference on substance abuse.
D Income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age.
Text 3
The entrepreneur, according to French economist J.B. Say, “is a person who shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and yield.”But Says definition does not tell us who this entrepreneur is. Some define the entrepreneur simply as one who starts his or her own new and small business. For our purposes, we will define the entrepreneur as a person who takes the necessary risks to organize and manage a business and receives the financial profits and nonmonetary rewards.
The man who opens a small pizza restaurant is in business, but is he an entrepreneur? He took a risk and did something, but did he shift resources or start the business? If the answer is yes, then he is considered an entrepreneur. Ray Kroc is an example of an entrepreneur because he founded and established McDonalds. His hamburgers were not a new idea, but he applied new techniques, resource allocations, and organizational methods in his venture. Ray Kroc upgraded the productivity and yield from the resources applied to create his fastfood chain. This is what entrepreneurs do; this is what entrepreneurship means.
Many of the sharp, blackandwhite contrasts between the entrepreneur and the professional have faced to a gray color. Formerly, professionals such as doctors, lawyers, dentists, and accountants were not supposed to be entrepreneurial, aggressive, or market oriented. They were “above” the marketdriven world. Entrepreneurs, on the other hand, were the mavericks of society. They were risktakers who aggressively sought to make something happen. Long hours were about all the two worlds had in common. However, increased competition, saturated markets, and a more priceconscious public have changed the world of the professionals. Today they need to market their skills, talents, and competencies; Lawyers advertise their services. Doctors specialize in one form of surgery. Accounting firms join with other businesses(e.g., consulting and law) to serve clients.
Entrepreneurs exhibit many different behaviors; searching for a specific personality pattern is very difficult. Some entrepreneurs are quiet, introverted, and analytical. On the other hand, some are brash, extroverted, and very emotional. many of them share some qualities. Viewing change as the norm, entrepreneurs usually search for it, respond to it, and treat it as an opportunity. An entrepreneur such as Ray Kroc of McDonalds is able to take resources and shift them to meet a need. Making the decision to shift resources works better if a person is creative, experienced, and confident.
31.According to the first paragraph, who can be regarded as an entrepreneur?
A.The CEO of a big company.
B.The owner of a profitable restaurant.
C.A man who started a new kind of business but eventually failed after 5 years because of some financial problems.
D.A successful salesman.
32.Which of the followings are necessary for an entrepreneur?
①a resource shifter②one who starts a new business
③nonprofessional④moneygaining
⑤a risk taker
A.①②③B.①②④⑤C.①②⑤D.①②③④⑤
33.From the text, we learn that .
A.an entrepreneur should be very extroverted
B.an entrepreneur should be quick to seize opportunities
C.change is not norm in an entrepreneurs eyes
D.the French economist J.B. Say is the first person who gave the definition of “entrepreneur”
34.The purpose of the author in writing the passage is to .
A.complete the definition of entrepreneur
B.tell the readers what is entrepreneur and the main characteristics of entrepreneurs
C.show what kind of people can become entrepreneurs
D.illustrate why Ray Kroc can become an entrepreneur
35.What will most possibly follow the text?
A.An example of how an entrepreneur operates.
B.Another theory about entrepreneurship.
C.The bad effects of entrepreneurs.
D.The good effects of entrepreneurs.
Text 4
Modern technology and science have produced a wealth of new materials and new ways of using old materials.For the artist this means wider opportunities.There is no doubt that the limitations of materials and nature of tools both restrict and shape a man’s work.Observe how the development of plastics and light metals along with new methods of welding has changed the direction of sculpture.Transparent plastic materials allow one to look through an object,to see its various sides superimposed on each other(as in Cubism or in an Xray).Today,welding is as prevalent as casting was in the past.This new method encourages open designs,where surrounding and intervening space becomes as important as form itself.
More ambiguous than other scientific inventions familiar to modern artists,but no less influential,are the psychoanalytic studies of Freud and his followers,discoveries that have infiltrated recent art,especially Surrealism.The Surrealists,in their struggle to escape the monotony and frustrations of everyday life,claimed that dreams were the only hope.Turning to the irrational world of their unconscious,they banished all time barriers and moral judgements to combine disconnected dream experiences from the past,present and intervening psychological states.The Surrealists were concerned with overlapping emotions more than with overlapping forms.Their paintings often become segmented capsules of associative experiences.For them,obsessive and often unrelated images replaced the direct emotional message of expressionism.They did not need to smash paint and canvas;they went beyond this to smash the whole continuity of logical thought.
There is little doubt that contemporary art has taken much from contemporary life.In a period when science has made revolutionary strides,artists in their studios have not been unaware of scientists in their laboratories.But this has rarely been a oneway street.Painters and sculptors,though admittedly influenced by modern science,have also molded and changed our world.If breakup has been a vital part of their expression,it has not always been a symbol of destruction.Quite the contrary:it has been used to examine more fully,to penetrate more deeply,to analyze more thoroughly,to enlarge,isolate and make more familiar certain aspects of life that earlier we were apt to neglect.In addition,it sometimes provides rich multiple experiences so organized as not merely to reflect our world,but in fact to interpret it.
36.According to the passage,it is true that.
A artistic creations seem to be the reproductions of modern technology
B artistic creations have made great strides scientifically
C artistic creations appear to be incapable of ignoring material advances
D artistic creations are the reflection of the material world
37.The welding techniques.
A can cause a lot of changes in sculpture arts
B permit details of an object to be seen clearly
C can superimpose multiple sides of sculptor’s designs
D can make artists adaptable to be surroundings
38.We can learn from the text that Freud’s studies.
A are more ambiguous than any other scientific invention
B have influenced other scientific inventions
C cause Surrealism
D have infiltrated Surrealism
39.Which of the following is true about Surrealists?
A They diminished all time barriers and moral judgements to combine disconnected dream experiences.
B They tried to express their subconscious world.
C They could transform real existence into incoherent dreams.
D They wanted to substitute direct expressions for fragmented images.
40.The sentence “But
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